The Alliance of Sahel States (AES), consisting of Mali, Burkina Faso, and Niger, has placed its security forces on high alert due to escalating tensions with the Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS). Recent developments, including accusations of collaboration with foreign powers and an extended exit period, have intensified the tension between the two regional groups.

The tension between AES and ECOWAS has been prevalent for most of the year, but recent events have heightened the friction. A few days ago, Niger accused Nigeria of collaborating with foreign powers to destabilize its country, which has added to the growing unease. Furthermore, ECOWAS's decision to extend the exit period of AES member countries by six months has been vehemently denounced by the AES, who claim it compromises their sovereignty.

In a press release, the College of Heads of State of the AES expressed regret over the "destabilization maneuvers [...] regularly initiated by a handful of heads of state who impose their will and agendas on the rest of the organization." The AES has also pointed to efforts to restructure terrorist organizations in the Sahel, the Lake Chad Basin, and several border regions, allegedly supported by foreign governments with logistical and financial aid.

The area has been designated as "a single theater of military operations," and security and defense personnel are now on high alert. The three-state regional group has also called on its populations to "redouble their vigilance" and to "reject proposals for enrollment in terrorist groups."

The roots of the tension can be traced back to January, when the three West African countries sharply exited ECOWAS, citing the organization's alleged lack of support for their efforts to combat terrorism and its subservience to former colonial power France. The countries, which have deposed past administrations through coups, agreed that they no longer want to be a member of the West African Bloc.

ECOWAS responded to their resignation by stating that it would take the appropriate procedures to return the countries to their original bloc, including imposing economic sanctions on such states. However, in December, the Alliance of Sahel States officially received approval from ECOWAS confirming their withdrawal from ECOWAS. The withdrawal will take effect between January 29, 2025, and July 29, 2025, allowing for six months for further negotiations.

The implications of this heightened tension are far-reaching, with potential consequences for regional security and stability. As the situation continues to unfold, it remains to be seen how the AES and ECOWAS will navigate their differences and work towards a resolution.