The European Union's border agency, Frontex, has reported a substantial decline in irregular migration figures from key routes worldwide in 2024. According to the agency's latest report, irregular migration into the EU dropped by 38% in 2024, reaching a three-year low of approximately 239,000 detections. This reduction is attributed to strengthened cooperation between the EU and partner nations aimed at dismantling smuggling networks.

The overall decline in irregular migration was primarily driven by a 59% drop in arrivals via the Central Mediterranean route and a 78% decrease in detections along the Western Balkan route. However, certain routes experienced an increase in the number of crossings, highlighting the complex and shifting nature of migration dynamics. Frontex Executive Director, Hans Leijtens, emphasized the need for constant vigilance and adaptability in addressing the unique challenges at the EU's borders.

The data revealed uneven trends in migration flows into the EU, with various routes being utilized by migrants. The Central Mediterranean route, the Western Balkan route, the Eastern, the Mediterranean route, the Western African route, the Eastern Borders route, and the English Channel route were among the major routes used. While some routes saw a decline in irregular migration, others experienced an increase in the number of crossings.

Notably, irregular border crossing from African countries, including Mali, Senegal, and Morocco, increased by 18% from 2023 to 2024 along the Western Africa migration route. Migrants from other African nations such as Algeria, Ethiopia, Somalia, and Egypt were also detected, utilizing various routes to enter the EU illegally. Women accounted for just over 10% of detected migrants in 2024, with 62% of them entering through the Eastern Mediterranean route, primarily consisting of Afghan and Syrian nationals.

The proportion of minors also rose to 16%, up from 13% in 2023. The International Organization for Migration (IOM) reported that over 30,000 people have either died or gone missing between 2014 and September 25, 2024, across the Western, Central, and Eastern Mediterranean routes. In 2024 alone, approximately 2,300 people lost their lives at sea, highlighting the significant danger posed by sea crossings organized by criminal networks.

Frontex's report underscores the need for continued cooperation and vigilance in addressing the complex issue of irregular migration. As the EU and partner nations work to dismantle smuggling networks and strengthen border security, it is essential to consider the humanitarian implications of these efforts and ensure the safety and dignity of migrants.

The decline in irregular migration figures in 2024 is a positive development, but it is crucial to recognize that migration dynamics are constantly shifting. The EU and its partners must remain adaptable and proactive in addressing the unique challenges posed by irregular migration, while also prioritizing the safety and well-being of migrants.

As the EU continues to navigate the complex landscape of irregular migration, the importance of cooperation, vigilance, and humanitarian consideration cannot be overstated. The Frontex report serves as a reminder of the need for sustained efforts to address this critical issue, ensuring the safety and security of both migrants and EU citizens.